In 2020, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) came into effect, replacing the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and providing a new framework for North American trade relations.

The Brookings USMCA initiative, housed within the Global Economy and Development program, works to measure the effectiveness and implementation of the agreement, as well as its impact on the policies and economies of the partner nations through forward-looking research, data, and analyses.